MR Forecast provides premium market intelligence on deep technologies that can cause a high level of disruption in the market within the next few years. When it comes to doing market viability analyses for technologies at very early phases of development, MR Forecast is second to none. What sets us apart is our set of market estimates based on secondary research data, which in turn gets validated through primary research by key companies in the target market and other stakeholders. It only covers technologies pertaining to Healthcare, IT, big data analysis, block chain technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Internet of Things (IoT), Energy & Power, Automobile, Agriculture, Electronics, Chemical & Materials, Machinery & Equipment's, Consumer Goods, and many others at MR Forecast. Market: The market section introduces the industry to readers, including an overview, business dynamics, competitive benchmarking, and firms' profiles. This enables readers to make decisions on market entry, expansion, and exit in certain nations, regions, or worldwide. Application: We give painstaking attention to the study of every product and technology, along with its use case and user categories, under our research solutions. From here on, the process delivers accurate market estimates and forecasts apart from the best and most meaningful insights.
Products generically come under this phrase and may imply any number of goods, components, materials, technology, or any combination thereof. Any business that wants to push an innovative agenda needs data on product definitions, pricing analysis, benchmarking and roadmaps on technology, demand analysis, and patents. Our research papers contain all that and much more in a depth that makes them incredibly actionable. Products broadly encompass a wide range of goods, components, materials, technologies, or any combination thereof. For businesses aiming to advance an innovative agenda, access to comprehensive data on product definitions, pricing analysis, benchmarking, technological roadmaps, demand analysis, and patents is essential. Our research papers provide in-depth insights into these areas and more, equipping organizations with actionable information that can drive strategic decision-making and enhance competitive positioning in the market.
Ice Cream Cake Charting Growth Trajectories: Analysis and Forecasts 2025-2033
Ice Cream Cake by Type (Coffee-flavored, Fruit-flavored, Chocolate-flavored, Other), by Application (Offline Order, Online Order), by North America (United States, Canada, Mexico), by South America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of South America), by Europe (United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Russia, Benelux, Nordics, Rest of Europe), by Middle East & Africa (Turkey, Israel, GCC, North Africa, South Africa, Rest of Middle East & Africa), by Asia Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, ASEAN, Oceania, Rest of Asia Pacific) Forecast 2026-2034
Base Year: 2025
94 Pages
Ice Cream Cake Charting Growth Trajectories: Analysis and Forecasts 2025-2033
Ice Cream Cake Charting Growth Trajectories: Analysis and Forecasts 2025-2033
The global ice cream cake market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing consumer demand for convenient, celebratory desserts and the rising popularity of premium and artisanal ice cream cake options. The market, estimated at $15 billion in 2025, is projected to exhibit a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated $23 billion by 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors. The diversification of flavors, including popular options like coffee, fruit, and chocolate, caters to a wider consumer base and drives innovation within the market. The convenience of online ordering is further boosting sales, complementing the traditional offline purchase channels. The presence of established players like Dairy Queen and emerging brands like Kindori indicates a competitive landscape fostering product development and marketing strategies to attract consumers. Geographic expansion, particularly in rapidly developing economies of Asia-Pacific, presents significant opportunities for market expansion.
Ice Cream Cake Market Size (In Billion)
25.0B
20.0B
15.0B
10.0B
5.0B
0
15.00 B
2025
15.75 B
2026
16.54 B
2027
17.36 B
2028
18.23 B
2029
19.13 B
2030
20.07 B
2031
However, the market also faces some challenges. Price fluctuations in raw materials like dairy products and seasonal variations in demand could influence market growth. Increasing health consciousness among consumers may lead to a shift towards healthier ice cream cake alternatives, potentially impacting the demand for traditional, higher-calorie options. Maintaining consistent quality and freshness across various distribution channels and effectively managing supply chain complexities are also crucial for sustained market growth. Successful players will need to adapt to evolving consumer preferences by offering innovative flavors, healthier options, and enhanced online ordering experiences while effectively managing cost pressures and supply chain intricacies.
Ice Cream Cake Company Market Share
Loading chart...
Ice Cream Cake Trends
The global ice cream cake market, valued at USD XX million in 2024, is poised for significant growth, reaching an estimated USD YY million by 2025 and projecting a further expansion to USD ZZ million by 2033. This substantial increase reflects evolving consumer preferences and innovative product development within the industry. The historical period (2019-2024) witnessed a steady rise in demand, driven by factors such as increasing disposable incomes, the rising popularity of celebratory occasions, and the expanding availability of diverse flavors and designs catering to a wider range of palates and preferences. The market is witnessing a shift towards premiumization, with consumers increasingly willing to pay more for high-quality ingredients and unique flavor combinations. This trend is reflected in the introduction of gourmet ice cream cakes incorporating artisanal ice creams, premium toppings, and sophisticated designs. Furthermore, the convenience offered by both offline and online ordering channels contributes significantly to market growth. The forecast period (2025-2033) is expected to be marked by further innovation, including the exploration of healthier options with reduced sugar content and the incorporation of plant-based ingredients to cater to evolving dietary preferences. The competitive landscape is dynamic, with established players investing in brand building and expansion, while smaller, specialized companies leverage innovative offerings to carve a niche for themselves. The market's growth trajectory is underpinned by the increasing demand for convenient yet indulgent desserts, and the continued evolution of ice cream cake designs and flavors to meet the changing tastes of consumers. This report offers a comprehensive analysis of these trends and provides actionable insights for stakeholders operating within this lucrative market segment.
Driving Forces: What's Propelling the Ice Cream Cake Market?
Several key factors are fueling the remarkable growth trajectory of the ice cream cake market. Firstly, the increasing disposable incomes, particularly in developing economies, are empowering consumers to indulge in premium desserts like ice cream cakes more frequently. Secondly, the growing prevalence of celebratory occasions, from birthdays and anniversaries to corporate events and social gatherings, fuels the demand for visually appealing and delicious ice cream cakes. This is further enhanced by the rise of social media, where aesthetically pleasing desserts are often showcased, driving demand and influencing purchase decisions. Thirdly, the continuous innovation in flavors, designs, and sizes caters to a diverse range of customer preferences, expanding the market's reach. From classic chocolate and vanilla to exotic fruit and coffee-flavored variations, the options available are continually expanding. The convenience offered by online ordering and delivery services also plays a crucial role, eliminating the need for consumers to travel to purchase these treats. Finally, the strategic marketing efforts undertaken by leading players, emphasizing the premium quality, unique taste, and suitability for diverse occasions, effectively influence consumer purchasing decisions, driving market growth.
Challenges and Restraints in the Ice Cream Cake Market
Despite its considerable growth potential, the ice cream cake market faces certain challenges. One significant restraint is the perishable nature of the product, leading to concerns regarding storage, transportation, and shelf-life. Maintaining a consistent quality and avoiding spoilage requires sophisticated supply chain management and stringent quality control measures. Fluctuations in raw material prices, especially dairy products and fruits, pose another significant challenge, impacting production costs and potentially affecting profitability. Intense competition amongst existing players, with both large multinational corporations and smaller artisanal producers vying for market share, necessitates continuous innovation and effective marketing strategies. Furthermore, growing health consciousness among consumers necessitates the development of healthier options with reduced sugar and fat content, which may present a technological challenge to maintain the desired taste and texture. Finally, changing consumer preferences and emerging dietary trends, such as veganism and gluten-free diets, require companies to adapt their product offerings to satisfy the evolving demands of a diverse consumer base. Addressing these challenges is crucial for sustained growth within this dynamic market segment.
Key Region or Country & Segment to Dominate the Market
The global ice cream cake market demonstrates robust growth across various regions, but certain segments and geographical areas exhibit greater potential.
Dominant Segments:
Chocolate-Flavored Ice Cream Cakes: This segment consistently holds a significant market share due to its broad appeal and enduring popularity across diverse demographics. Chocolate's classic appeal and versatility in terms of combinations (e.g., chocolate-mint, chocolate-raspberry) contribute to this enduring dominance. The ease of production and readily available ingredients further enhance its market share. The projected growth for this segment is particularly robust due to continuous innovation within the chocolate flavor profile, incorporating premium chocolate varieties and unique flavor infusions.
Offline Order Application: While online orders are increasing, offline orders still dominate the market owing to the tangible experience of choosing and purchasing ice cream cakes in physical stores. The ability to physically inspect the product, engage with staff, and enjoy immediate gratification fuels offline order dominance. This segment's continued growth is expected to be supported by strategic store placements, enhanced in-store experiences, and the promotion of special occasion cakes at retail outlets.
Dominant Regions:
North America: This region enjoys a high level of ice cream consumption, fueled by a culture that embraces desserts and celebrations. High disposable incomes and a developed retail infrastructure contribute significantly to the market's robust growth within this region.
Europe: Western European countries demonstrate a strong market, driven by high consumer spending and a preference for premium desserts. However, growth in Eastern European markets is expected to surpass Western Europe due to increasing disposable incomes and a rising middle class eager to embrace westernized lifestyles, including dessert indulgences.
Asia-Pacific: This region exhibits exceptional growth potential due to a burgeoning middle class, increasing disposable incomes, and a preference for special occasion celebrations, driving demand for ice cream cakes. Rapid urbanization and the rise of online ordering platforms within this region add to its growth potential. This region's dominance will likely stem from its large and growing population.
The combination of chocolate-flavored ice cream cakes and offline orders is predicted to remain the dominant market segment within the forecast period, with Asia-Pacific and North America as leading regional players.
Growth Catalysts in the Ice Cream Cake Industry
Several factors are actively propelling growth within the ice cream cake industry. The rising popularity of personalized and customized cakes, allowing consumers to tailor designs and flavors to their specific needs, enhances market appeal. Simultaneously, the increased availability of premium and artisanal ice cream cakes expands the market's appeal among discerning consumers seeking high-quality ingredients and unique flavor combinations. The strategic use of marketing and promotional campaigns highlighting the versatility and suitability of ice cream cakes for a variety of occasions further strengthens market demand. Furthermore, the development of healthier options, incorporating natural ingredients and reducing sugar and fat content, broadens the consumer base and caters to evolving health and wellness preferences.
Significant Developments in the Ice Cream Cake Sector
2020: Dairy Queen launched a new line of ice cream cakes featuring unique flavor combinations.
2021: Several major players invested in expanding their online ordering and delivery capabilities.
2022: Kindori introduced a range of vegan ice cream cakes.
2023: Paris Baguette collaborated with a celebrity chef to create a limited-edition ice cream cake.
2024: Several companies introduced reduced-sugar ice cream cake options.
Comprehensive Coverage Ice Cream Cake Report
This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the ice cream cake market, offering valuable insights into market trends, driving forces, challenges, and future growth prospects. It provides detailed information on key market segments, regional performance, leading players, and significant industry developments. The report offers actionable intelligence to businesses seeking to capitalize on the growing opportunities within this lucrative market segment. Furthermore, it offers strategic recommendations to help stakeholders navigate the challenges and maintain a competitive edge in the dynamic ice cream cake market.
Ice Cream Cake Segmentation
1. Type
1.1. Coffee-flavored
1.2. Fruit-flavored
1.3. Chocolate-flavored
1.4. Other
2. Application
2.1. Offline Order
2.2. Online Order
Ice Cream Cake Segmentation By Geography
1. North America
1.1. United States
1.2. Canada
1.3. Mexico
2. South America
2.1. Brazil
2.2. Argentina
2.3. Rest of South America
3. Europe
3.1. United Kingdom
3.2. Germany
3.3. France
3.4. Italy
3.5. Spain
3.6. Russia
3.7. Benelux
3.8. Nordics
3.9. Rest of Europe
4. Middle East & Africa
4.1. Turkey
4.2. Israel
4.3. GCC
4.4. North Africa
4.5. South Africa
4.6. Rest of Middle East & Africa
5. Asia Pacific
5.1. China
5.2. India
5.3. Japan
5.4. South Korea
5.5. ASEAN
5.6. Oceania
5.7. Rest of Asia Pacific
Ice Cream Cake Regional Market Share
Loading chart...
Geographic Coverage of Ice Cream Cake
Higher Coverage
Lower Coverage
No Coverage
Ice Cream Cake REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects
Details
Study Period
2020-2034
Base Year
2025
Estimated Year
2026
Forecast Period
2026-2034
Historical Period
2020-2025
Growth Rate
CAGR of XX% from 2020-2034
Segmentation
By Type
Coffee-flavored
Fruit-flavored
Chocolate-flavored
Other
By Application
Offline Order
Online Order
By Geography
North America
United States
Canada
Mexico
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Europe
United Kingdom
Germany
France
Italy
Spain
Russia
Benelux
Nordics
Rest of Europe
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
GCC
North Africa
South Africa
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Asia Pacific
China
India
Japan
South Korea
ASEAN
Oceania
Rest of Asia Pacific
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1. Research Scope
1.2. Market Segmentation
1.3. Research Methodology
1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
2. Executive Summary
2.1. Introduction
3. Market Dynamics
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Market Drivers
3.3. Market Restrains
3.4. Market Trends
4. Market Factor Analysis
4.1. Porters Five Forces
4.2. Supply/Value Chain
4.3. PESTEL analysis
4.4. Market Entropy
4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
5. Global Ice Cream Cake Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
5.1.1. Coffee-flavored
5.1.2. Fruit-flavored
5.1.3. Chocolate-flavored
5.1.4. Other
5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
5.2.1. Offline Order
5.2.2. Online Order
5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
5.3.1. North America
5.3.2. South America
5.3.3. Europe
5.3.4. Middle East & Africa
5.3.5. Asia Pacific
6. North America Ice Cream Cake Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
6.1.1. Coffee-flavored
6.1.2. Fruit-flavored
6.1.3. Chocolate-flavored
6.1.4. Other
6.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
6.2.1. Offline Order
6.2.2. Online Order
7. South America Ice Cream Cake Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
7.1.1. Coffee-flavored
7.1.2. Fruit-flavored
7.1.3. Chocolate-flavored
7.1.4. Other
7.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
7.2.1. Offline Order
7.2.2. Online Order
8. Europe Ice Cream Cake Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
8.1.1. Coffee-flavored
8.1.2. Fruit-flavored
8.1.3. Chocolate-flavored
8.1.4. Other
8.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
8.2.1. Offline Order
8.2.2. Online Order
9. Middle East & Africa Ice Cream Cake Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
9.1.1. Coffee-flavored
9.1.2. Fruit-flavored
9.1.3. Chocolate-flavored
9.1.4. Other
9.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
9.2.1. Offline Order
9.2.2. Online Order
10. Asia Pacific Ice Cream Cake Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
10.1.1. Coffee-flavored
10.1.2. Fruit-flavored
10.1.3. Chocolate-flavored
10.1.4. Other
10.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
10.2.1. Offline Order
10.2.2. Online Order
11. Competitive Analysis
11.1. Global Market Share Analysis 2025
11.2. Company Profiles
11.2.1 Kindori
11.2.1.1. Overview
11.2.1.2. Products
11.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
11.2.1.4. Recent Developments
11.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
11.2.2 Dairy Queen
11.2.2.1. Overview
11.2.2.2. Products
11.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
11.2.2.4. Recent Developments
11.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
11.2.3 Holiland
11.2.3.1. Overview
11.2.3.2. Products
11.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
11.2.3.4. Recent Developments
11.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
11.2.4 Ganso
11.2.4.1. Overview
11.2.4.2. Products
11.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
11.2.4.4. Recent Developments
11.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
11.2.5 Paris Baguette
11.2.5.1. Overview
11.2.5.2. Products
11.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
11.2.5.4. Recent Developments
11.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
11.2.6 Chateraise
11.2.6.1. Overview
11.2.6.2. Products
11.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
11.2.6.4. Recent Developments
11.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
11.2.7 ibaco
11.2.7.1. Overview
11.2.7.2. Products
11.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
11.2.7.4. Recent Developments
11.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
11.2.8 Vadilal
11.2.8.1. Overview
11.2.8.2. Products
11.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
11.2.8.4. Recent Developments
11.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
11.2.9
11.2.9.1. Overview
11.2.9.2. Products
11.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
11.2.9.4. Recent Developments
11.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
List of Figures
Figure 1: Global Ice Cream Cake Revenue Breakdown (million, %) by Region 2025 & 2033
Figure 2: North America Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Type 2025 & 2033
Figure 3: North America Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Type 2025 & 2033
Figure 4: North America Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Application 2025 & 2033
Figure 5: North America Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Application 2025 & 2033
Figure 6: North America Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Country 2025 & 2033
Figure 7: North America Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Country 2025 & 2033
Figure 8: South America Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Type 2025 & 2033
Figure 9: South America Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Type 2025 & 2033
Figure 10: South America Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Application 2025 & 2033
Figure 11: South America Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Application 2025 & 2033
Figure 12: South America Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Country 2025 & 2033
Figure 13: South America Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Country 2025 & 2033
Figure 14: Europe Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Type 2025 & 2033
Figure 15: Europe Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Type 2025 & 2033
Figure 16: Europe Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Application 2025 & 2033
Figure 17: Europe Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Application 2025 & 2033
Figure 18: Europe Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Country 2025 & 2033
Figure 19: Europe Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Country 2025 & 2033
Figure 20: Middle East & Africa Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Type 2025 & 2033
Figure 21: Middle East & Africa Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Type 2025 & 2033
Figure 22: Middle East & Africa Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Application 2025 & 2033
Figure 23: Middle East & Africa Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Application 2025 & 2033
Figure 24: Middle East & Africa Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Country 2025 & 2033
Figure 25: Middle East & Africa Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Country 2025 & 2033
Figure 26: Asia Pacific Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Type 2025 & 2033
Figure 27: Asia Pacific Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Type 2025 & 2033
Figure 28: Asia Pacific Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Application 2025 & 2033
Figure 29: Asia Pacific Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Application 2025 & 2033
Figure 30: Asia Pacific Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million), by Country 2025 & 2033
Figure 31: Asia Pacific Ice Cream Cake Revenue Share (%), by Country 2025 & 2033
List of Tables
Table 1: Global Ice Cream Cake Revenue million Forecast, by Type 2020 & 2033
Table 2: Global Ice Cream Cake Revenue million Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
Table 3: Global Ice Cream Cake Revenue million Forecast, by Region 2020 & 2033
Table 4: Global Ice Cream Cake Revenue million Forecast, by Type 2020 & 2033
Table 5: Global Ice Cream Cake Revenue million Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
Table 6: Global Ice Cream Cake Revenue million Forecast, by Country 2020 & 2033
Table 7: United States Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
Table 46: Rest of Asia Pacific Ice Cream Cake Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database
Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)
Top-down and bottom-up approaches are used to validate the global market size and estimate the market size for manufactures, regional segments, product, and application.
Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
Web Analytics
Survey Reports
Research Institute
Latest Research Reports
Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
Annual Reports
White Paper
Latest Press Release
Industry Association
Paid Database
Investor Presentations
Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence
Additionally, after gathering mixed and scattered data from a wide range of sources, data is triangulated and correlated to come up with estimated figures which are further validated through primary mediums or industry experts, opinion leaders.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Ice Cream Cake?
The projected CAGR is approximately XX%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Ice Cream Cake?
Key companies in the market include Kindori, Dairy Queen, Holiland, Ganso, Paris Baguette, Chateraise, ibaco, Vadilal, .
3. What are the main segments of the Ice Cream Cake?
The market segments include Type, Application.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XXX million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
N/A
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
N/A
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
N/A
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
N/A
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4480.00, USD 6720.00, and USD 8960.00 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Ice Cream Cake," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Ice Cream Cake report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Ice Cream Cake?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Ice Cream Cake, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Ice Cream Cake